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React Server Components (RSC) are components that render exclusively on the server and send only their HTML output to the client, with zero JavaScript bundle impact. They can directly access databases, file systems, and backend services without API endpoints. Combined with Client Components (marked with `'use client'`), RSC enables a hybrid architecture where interactive parts ship JavaScript while static or data-heavy parts remain server-only. Next.js App Router uses RSC as its default component model.

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is the practice of managing and provisioning servers, networks, and cloud resources through machine-readable configuration files rather than manual processes. It enables version control, code review, and automated testing of infrastructure changes just like application code. Tools like Terraform, Pulumi, and AWS CloudFormation are popular IaC solutions that make environments reproducible and consistent.

Accessibility (often abbreviated a11y) is the practice of designing and building websites and apps so they can be used by everyone, including people with visual, motor, auditory, or cognitive disabilities. This involves proper semantic markup, keyboard navigation support, sufficient color contrast, and screen reader compatibility. Beyond being an ethical responsibility, accessibility is increasingly a legal requirement in many jurisdictions.

BEM (Block Element Modifier) is a CSS naming convention that structures class names as `.block__element--modifier` to create clear, predictable relationships between HTML and CSS. For example, `.card__title--highlighted` identifies a highlighted title element within a card block. While modern tooling like CSS Modules and utility frameworks have reduced BEM's necessity, it remains widely used in large codebases and design systems where explicit naming conventions aid team coordination.

Blue-green deployment is a release strategy that maintains two identical production environments — "blue" (current) and "green" (new version). Traffic is switched from blue to green only after the new version passes all health checks, enabling zero-downtime releases. If issues are detected, traffic can be instantly routed back to the blue environment, making rollbacks trivial and fully automated.

Styled Components is a popular CSS-in-JS library for React and React Native that uses tagged template literals to style components. It automatically generates unique class names, supports dynamic styling based on props, handles vendor prefixing, and provides full theming capabilities. The library colocates styles with components, making it easy to understand what each component looks like and to delete styles safely when removing components.